佛山市南海区社区人群体型指数、腰围与高血压的关系

目的采用腰围(WC)、体质指数(BMI)综合评价广东省佛山市南海区成年人中心性肥胖者高血压患病风险。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取南海区2个街道6个镇共17124户中18岁以上常住居民进行调查。采用入户面对面访谈的方法,并进行相关人体测量。采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行多因素Logistic回归分析,比较各BMI组别中心性肥胖者高血压患病的OR值。结果体质指数偏瘦、正常、超重和肥胖组中,男性中心性肥胖者高血压患病率分别为14.6%、23.8%、34.1%和42.7%;女性中心性肥胖者高血压患病率分别为20.3%,24.2%,33.8%和43.5%;除男性体型偏瘦组外,中心性肥胖者高血压患病率均明显高于同组内的正常腰围人群(P0.01);调整混杂因素(年龄、吸烟、饮酒和体育锻炼等)后,与正常腰围人群比较,BMI正常、超重及肥胖组别中男性中心性肥胖者患高血压患病的OR值分别为1.485(1.319~1.672)、1.827(1.536~2.191)、2.849(1.659~4.893);中心性肥胖女性BMI偏瘦、正常、超重及肥胖组高血压患病OR值分别为1.642(1.112~2.425)、1.530(1.363~1.717)、1.644(1.299~2.080)、3.529(2.001~6.225)。结论 BMI与WC两者结合可明显提高高血压风险预测价值;应将腹型肥胖尤其是全身性肥胖合并腹型肥胖的人群作为社区高血压防治的重点干预人群。     

Obesity and symptoms and quality of life indicators of individuals with disabilities

BackgroundHealth risks of obesity are well known, but effects of obesity on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) have not been well-studied in people with physical disabilities.Objective/hypothesisWe examined the association between obesity and HRQOL in people with disabilities relative to the general US population. We hypothesized (a) overall, individuals with disabilities will report worse HRQOL than the general US population and (b) obese individuals with disabilities will report worse HRQOL than non-obese individuals.MethodsIndividuals with muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, post-polio syndrome, and spinal cord injury (N = 1849) completed Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures of fatigue, pain interference, physical and social function, depression, sleep disturbance, and sleep-related impairment. Participants were classified as obese or non-obese based on self-reported weight and height (BMI) and/or waist circumference (WC). PROMIS T-scores were compared to norms and between obesity groups.ResultsMean BMI was 26.4 kg/m² with 23.4% classified as obese. Mean WC was 37.5 inches (males) and 34.0 inches (females); 26.4% reported abdominal obesity. Based on BMI and/or WC, 33.3% (n = 616) were classified obese. Compared to PROMIS norms, obese individuals reported worse HRQOL on all domains (p < 0.0001). Compared to non-obese individuals, obese individuals reported worse functioning on all domains except depression (p < 0.01). Obese individuals with MS and MD reported worse outcomes than non-obese counterparts.ConclusionsObesity in people with physical disabilities is associated with poorer HRQOL. More research is needed to inform clinicians in identifying obese patients and helping them achieve healthy weight, reduce symptom burden, and improve QOL.     

Comparison of a Mediterranean to a low-fat diet intervention in adults with type 1 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: A 6–month randomized trial

Background and aims

The metabolic syndrome (MS) is an emerging complication in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), with no preventive or therapeutic treatment reported yet. We wanted to compare the impact of two 6-month nutritional interventions, based on a Mediterranean (MED) or a low-fat diet, on waist circumference, anthropometric and metabolic outcomes in patients with both T1D and the MS.

Gender-specific associations of body mass index and waist circumference with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese rural adults: The Henan Rural Cohort Study

Aim

To assess the relationship between various obesity categories according to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Chinese rural adults.

正常空腹血糖与心血管疾病危险因素的相关性研究

目的探讨正常空腹血糖与心血管疾病及其危险因素的相关性。方法入选对象按空腹血糖结果分为以下4组:3.9~4.4 mmol/L为A组;4.5~5.1 mmol/L为B组;5.2~5.6 mmol/L为C组;5.7~6.1 mmol/L为D组。计算各组异常临床变量的相关指标及与空腹血糖的线性关系,比较各组间的差异性,并通过Logistic回归分析探讨正常空腹血糖与心血管危险因素间的关系。结果 (1)4组年龄、体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)及平均压间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较显示D组年龄、TG明显高于A、B、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);D组TC明显高于B、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C、D组SBP、DBP、平均压明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4组患者的BMI比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较显示:D组与B组比较差异有统计学意义;C组与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义。4组患者女性WC间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两两比较显示A组与B、C、D组差异有统计学意义,B组与C、D...     

Association between a deletion/insertion polymorphism in the α2B-adrenergic receptor gene and insulin secretion and Type 2 diabetes. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study

Aims/hypothesis Impaired insulin secretion has a strong genetic component. In this study we investigated whether the 12Glu9 polymorphism in the gene encoding the 2B-adrenergic receptor (ADRA2B) is associated with insulin secretion and/or the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance.Methods We investigated a total of 506 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance participating in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS). Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. Anthropometric measurements and an oral glucose tolerance test were performed at baseline and at annual follow-up. In a subgroup of patients (n=83), a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) was performed at baseline.Results All patients had similar anthropometric measurements and insulin and glucose levels at baseline. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed significant interaction (p=0.003) between study group and genotype across the entire study population. In the control group, subjects with the Glu9 allele had an increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes compared with subjects with the Glu12/12 genotype (odds ratio [OR]=2.68, 95% CI 1.02–7.09, p=0.047 for Glu12/12, and OR=5.17, 95% CI 1.76–15.21, p=0.003 for Glu9/9). This increased risk was not observed in the intervention group, who showed significant weight loss during the trial. In the subgroup who underwent the FSIGT, subjects with the Glu9/9 genotype showed the lowest acute insulin response (p=0.005 for trend).Conclusions/interpretation The 12Glu9 polymorphism of ADRA2B is associated with impaired first-phase insulin secretion and may predict the development of Type 2 diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance who are not subjected to a lifestyle intervention.Abbreviations AIR acute insulin response - AR adrenergic receptor - BMR basal metabolic rate - DI disposition index - DPS the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study - FSIGT frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test - OR odds ratio - S_G glucose effectiveness - S_I insulin sensitivity index     

Abdominal Obesity and Its Attribution to All-cause Mortality in the General Population with 14 Years Follow-up: Findings from Shanxi Cohort in China

Objective This study aimed to assess the association of waist circumference(WC) with all-cause mortality among Chinese adults.Methods The baseline data were from Shanxi Province of 2002 China Nutrition and Health Survey. The death investigation and follow-up visit were conducted from December 2015 to March 2016. The visits covered up to 5,360 of 7,007 participants, representing a response rate of 76.5%. The Cox regression model and floating absolute risk were used to estimate hazard ratio and 95% floating CI of death by gender and age groups(≥ 60 and 60 years old). Sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding current smokers; participants with stroke, hypertension, and diabetes; participants who accidentally died; and participants who died during the first 2 years of follow-up.Results This study followed 67,129 person-years for 12.5 years on average, including 615 deaths. The mortality density was 916 per 100,000 person-years. Low WC was associated with all-cause mortality among men. Multifactor-adjusted hazard ratios(HR) were 1.60(1.35–1.90) for WC 75.0 cm and 1.40(1.11–1.76) for WC ranging from 75.0 cm to 79.9 cm. Low WC( 70.0 cm and 70.0–74.9 cm) and high WC(≥ 95.0 cm) groups had a high risk of mortality among women. The adjusted HRs of death were 1.43(1.11–1.83), 1.39(1.05–1.84), and 1.91(1.13–3.22).Conclusion WC was an important predictor of death independent of body mass index(BMI). WC should be used as a simple rapid screening and predictive indicator of the risk of death.     

人体测量学指标和三酰甘油葡萄糖乘积指数对代谢综合征的诊断价值比较

背景　代谢综合征（MS）与冠心病、糖尿病等慢性病密切相关,其患病率逐年升高,但目前诊断标准不统一,诊断条件复杂,基层医务人员操作困难。目的　比较中国人群中人体测量学指标〔腰高比（WHtR）、腰臀比（WHR）、腰围（WC）、体质指数（BMI）〕及三酰甘油葡萄糖乘积（TyG）指数、TyG指数与BMI的乘积（TyG-BMI）、TyG指数与WC的乘积（TyG-WC）与MS相关性的差异及其对MS的诊断价值,确定MS的简易筛查指标。方法　选取北京市通州区觅子店社区2 972例参加健康体检人员,分别进行问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查,计算WHtR、WHR、BMI及TyG指数、TyG-BMI、TyG-WC。依据中华医学会糖尿病学分会（CDS）诊断标准确定MS患者。采用SPSS 18.0统计软件绘制上述各项指标诊断MS的受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线,计算曲线下面积（AUC）,并采用MedCalc 16.8软件进行AUC比较。结果　男性和女性的MS患病率无统计学差异〔206/1 044比368/1 928,P>0.05〕。同性别MS患者的WHtR、WHR、WC、BMI、TyG指数、TyG-BMI、TyG-WC均高于非MS者（P<0.05）。BMI、WHtR、WHR、WC诊断男性MS的AUC分别为0.81、0.77、0.68、0.77,诊断女性MS的AUC分别为0.78、0.76、0.66、0.76,BMI诊断男性MS和女性MS的AUC均高于其他3项指标（P<0.05）。BMI诊断男性和女性MS的切点分别为25.00、25.30 kg/m2。TyG指数、TyG-BMI、TyG-WC诊断男性MS的AUC分别为0.88、0.89、0.88,诊断女性MS的AUC分别为0.88、0.88、0.87,TyG指数诊断男性MS和女性MS的AUC与其他2项指标比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。TyG指数诊断男性和女性MS的切点分别为8.87、8.80。TyG指数诊断男性MS和女性MS的AUC高于BMI（P<0.05）。结论　人体测量学指标、TyG指数及其相关指数与MS均明显相关。BMI同MS的相关性优于其他人体测量学指标,可用于MS的大规模人群初步筛查;TyG指数的诊断价值优于BMI,可作为基层医务人员判断MS风险的简易指标。